Video: Blast-proof train developed by European engineers

A team at Newcastle University have developed blast-resilient metro carriages designed to protect passengers from the kinds of terrorist attacks seen in London and Madrid.

SecureMetro, an EU-funded project led by Newcastle University, has released a video of a controlled explosion carried out on its prototype carriage.

The footage demonstrates how the new design works to contain blasts to reduce flying debris – the main cause of death and injury in an explosion.

Decommissioned metro carriage used for initial tests.

The team analysed carriages from the London 7/7 bombings during its research and now plans to put its findings to the rail industry.

Modifications include tethering down heavy equipment, plastic coating on windows and the replacement of heavier structures with light-weight energy-absorbing materials.

Project lead Conor O’Neill said: “The Madrid bombings in 2004 and the 7/7 attack in London the year after highlighted how vulnerable our trains are to attack – particularly busy metro and commuter trains.

“At the same time we have to be realistic. Completely replacing existing vehicles just isn’t an option.  Instead, we have developed and incorporated new technology and materials into existing carriages to improve performance.”

In a controlled, full-scale explosion on a decommissioned metro carriage, the NewRail team began the process of assessing the impact that a terrorist attack can have on the vehicle structure.

“These are all low-cost, simple solutions that can be put on existing trains which could not only save lives but also reduce the attractiveness of our railways for potential terrorist attacks.”

Filming the explosion, the team used high-speed cameras to slow down the blast footage in order to understand the mechanics of the explosion.

Explosion rips through prototype carriage.

A similar test was then carried out on a specially-equipped prototype.

“Preventing flying objects is the key,” explains Mr O’Neill.

“Tethering ceiling panels reduced the risk of fatalities and injury from flying shrapnel and also meant the gangways were kept relatively clear of debris, allowing emergency staff quick access to the injured.

“The window coating we developed was also incredibly effective. Without it the windows are blown outwards – putting anyone outside, such as those standing on a platform, at risk from flying glass.

“With the plastic coating you see a clear rippling effect as the blast moves through the train, but every window remains intact apart from the safety windows which are designed to be easily knocked out.”

The team have also investigated the benefits of dividing up the carriages using energy-absorbing materials that reduce the impact of the blast.

Mr O’Neill added: “A bomb on a train is always going to be devastating but what we are trying to do is find a way in which the vehicle itself can help to mitigate the impact of an attack.

“These are all low-cost, simple solutions that can be put on existing trains which could not only save lives but also reduce the attractiveness of our railways for potential terrorist attacks.”